Barium Enema Preparation

To conduct the most accurate barium enema test, the patient must follow a prescribed diet and bowel preparation instructions prior to the test. This preparation commonly includes restricted intake of diary products and a liquid diet for 24 hours prior to the test, in addition to drinking large amounts of water or clear liquids 12–24 hours before the test. Patients may also be given laxatives, and asked to give themselves a cleansing enema.

In addition to the prescribed diet and bowel preparation prior to the test, the patient can expect the following during a barium enema:

They will be well draped with a gown as they are placed on a tilting x-ray table.
As the barium or air is injected into the intestine, they may experience cramping pains or the urge to defecate.
The patient will be instructed to take slow, deep breaths through the mouth to ease any discomfort.